What is Linux?
Linux is a free & Open-Source operating system, it is based on the Unix operating system. It was created by Linus Torvalds in 1991, and it has since become one of the most popular operating systems for servers, supercomputers, and embedded systems. Most 70-90% of applications run on the Linux operating system.
Linux OS has some advantages compared to other operating systems like Windows 10, Windows 11, Chrome OS & Android OS.
Stability
Security
Flexibility
Linux has different flavors/distributions:
Linux Architecture :
Shell: Shell is a terminal/ Interface which can help to communicate to the Kernel using commands.
Kernel: It is a core part of the operating system which can manage system resources like CPU, Memory & Disk space.
Hardware: The physical components of the computer system like Motherboard, RAM, CPU & Hardisk.
Linux Commands you must know
Touch -creates a file
Mkdir -creates a directory/ folder
Whoami - it shows the username of who logged in
pwd -it displays the present working directory
cd -change directory
cp -copy the file from source to destination
ls -list the file & folders
mv -rename the file/folder
rm -remove the file & folders
cat -to view the content of the file
echo -it prints/ displays the content
useradd -create a new user
ps - it displays active processes which are running
sudo -it is used to run commands with administrative privileges
chmod -Change permissions of file & folder (rwx)